The Relationship between Learning Potential in Preschool Children and their Cognitive Abilities / La relación entre el potencial de aprendizaje en niños de preescolar y sus habilidades cognitivas

Learning potential can be used to assess and provide direction for action in diverse populations in modern educational settings. This study examined the relationship between the EHPAP dynamic evaluation scale and cognitive abilities (linguistic development, specific cognitive abilities, and executive functioning) in typically developing preschool children. Linear regression models indicated that children’s cognitive abilities formed part of the prediction of their independent performance in tasks before and after mediation. The abilities that formed part of the predictions were related to general linguistic development, specific cognitive functions, and executive functioning. Age as a predictive factor only contributed to verbal planning. This study examined the contribution of these variables in different EHPAP scales. (AU)

El potencial de aprendizaje se puede utilizar para evaluar y orientar la acción en diversas poblaciones en entornos educativos modernos. Este estudio analiza la relación entre la escala de evaluación dinámica EHPAP y las habilidades cognitivas (desarrollo lingüístico, habilidades cognitivas específicas y funcionamiento ejecutivo) en niños en edad preescolar con un desarrollo típico. Los modelos de regresión lineal indican que las habilidades cognitivas de los niños forman parte de la predicción de su desempeño independiente en tareas antes y después de la mediación. Las habilidades que formaban parte de las predicciones estaban relacionadas con el desarrollo lingüístico general, las funciones cognitivas específicas y el funcionamiento ejecutivo. La edad como factor predictivo solo contribuye a la planificación verbal. Este estudio analiza la contribución de estas variables en diferentes escalas EHPAP. (AU)

Self-inflicted injuries in adolescents and young adults: A longitudinal approach.

BACKGROUND: Suicide has become a major global public health problem in some clinical subpopulations. Adolescents and young adults with self-inflicted injuries or non-suicidal self-harm appear to have been understudied. The aim of this study is to assess which socio-demographic and prior co-morbid psychopathology condition variables in adolescents and young adults with self-inflicted lesions are likely to be more predictive of future self-injury after 12 months. METHOD: The eligible participants were 176 people (99 women and 77 men) aged 15-25 (mean = 20.3; SD = 4.56) who were subsequently divided into two groups (those who had been admitted again for self-inflicted injuries or non-suicidal self-harm (104; 59.1%), and those who had not (72; 40.9%) during the following 12 months. RESULTS: The results obtained offer (i) a specific socio-demographic profile in which women (OR [CI95%] = 6.22[6.03-7.11]) aged 21-22 (OR [CI95%] = 4.71[4.29- 5.73]) who are students (OR [CI95%] = 2.99 [1.58-6.01]) are likely to inflict a new self-injury on themselves after 12 months, and (ii) a clear clinical profile where several afflictions are predictors of a new self-injury after 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: We discuss the urgent need to develop specific health protocols and improve public health alert measures for certain subpopulations.